Évreux

Évreux is a common French, located in the department of the the Eure and the area High-Normandy. Évreux is seat of one évêché.

Its inhabitants is called the Ébroïciens .

The name of Évreux ( Mediolanum Aulercorum , then Eburovices at the old ones, Ebroïcum with the Middle Ages) finds its origin in that of the Gallic tribe of the Eburovices , literally those which overcome by the yew (eburo means yew in Gaulois).

Geography

It is located on the Iton, in the center of a vast cereal and agricultural plate which one indicates by countryside of Évreux . It is also close to a large forest which bears its name.

The city owes its current development with the " Park of activity Buisson" Length; near to the Madeleine but the city stagnates because no major axis passes close to the city except N154 (Rouen - Orleans) and no TGV does not enter in station of Evreux. Moreover the city with the variation of the economic axis Paris is - Rouen - Le Havre and the attractivity of the metropolises of Rouen (745 000 hab.) and of Paris (10 million hab.) makes that the city is taken in a vice, good number of inhabitants of the area work on Rouen or on Paris because these cities propose highly qualified employment, which misses enormously at the city in spite of the arrival of drug companies.

History

Antiquity

During the Antiquity, Évreux bore the name of Mediolanum Aulercorum ; it was the capital of the people of the Aulerques Éburovices and was founded at the end of. At the beginning of the High-Empire, the latter honoured the Roman gods in the sanctuary with Gisacum to five kilometers of the city.

Évreux was also equipped with public edifices such as a theater, a forum, thermal baths. Located on a crossroads of terrestrial ways (Rouen/Chartres and Évreux/Paris), the city developed a flourishing trade. The vases deposited in the necropolis of Closed with the Duke testify to exchanges with the center of Gaulle. An inscription (C.I.L 3202) attests of a textile activity as of Gallo-Roman Antiquity.

At the end of the 3rd century, in the context of the cruel raids, the city is surrounded by a rampart which one can partly see today in the municipal museum.

The Middle Ages

Taurin is the first bishop of Évreux. Évreux became in 989 the seat of the Comté of Évreux and the évêché of Évreux. The Norman ones took it in 892, Lothaire plundered it in 962. It was ransacked by Henri Ier of England in 1120, and was burned by Philippe-Auguste in 1194.

During the War One hundred Year old, the city is taken in 1418 by the English king Henri V. It turns over to the sovereignty of king de France in 1440 thanks to the action of Robert de Flocques.

In 1499, the rebuilding begins from the seat of the évêché by the architect Pierre Smoteau, in the blazing style.

Modern times and contemporary time

In 1793, Buzot vainly tried to make this city a center of resistance against the Convention.

The city suffered strong damage during the Second world war and most of its center was rebuilt. The municipal museum opens its doors in 1961. The city knows a rapid growth during the Seventies, with the establishment of processing industries. The creation of the district of Madelaine located at the south of the city. The improvement of the relations with Paris allows an important population Parisian employees to be established in Évreux.

Economy

Drug company: GlaxoSmithKline;
Editions: editions Atlas;
Air base 105 Evreux-Fauville.
Shopping mall in the Madeleine

Évreux is the seat of the Chamber of commerce and industry of the Eure.

Administration

The Doctor Oursel, mayor, hears well, with its way, to contribute to the political failure of Millerand: no speech of reception, thus marking its hostility by dissociating uses.

Demography

Celebrities

They were born in Évreux or their names are associated with the city:

Geoffroy de Beaulieu, born in the Diocese of Évreux, preacher and confessor of Saint Louis.
François Buzot, politician born in Evreux
Jacques-Desired Laval followed, in 1821, of the courses to the College of Évreux.
Guillaume Costeley, Type-setter, died in Évreux.
Jimi Hendrix, Musician, gave the first concert of its round with the Experiment to Évreux on October 13rd, 1966. A commemorative plaque is street Chartraine in Novelty.
M {{gr.}} Gaillot was bishop of Évreux.
the general of Brack born in Paris in 1789 dies in Evreux in 1850 - He is the author of the " Outposts of cavalry légère"
Olivier Patience (1980-), tennis player, born in Évreux.
Jacques Villeret, Actor, died in Évreux.
Bernard Mendy, player of PSG, was born in Évreux.
Mathieu Bodmer, player of OL, was born in Évreux.
Patrick Proisy, player of Tennis, was formed in Évreux.
the singer Vincent Delerm was born in Évreux in 1976.
Georges Chauvin, mayor of Évreux.
Roland Pleasure, mayor of Évreux.
Pierre Menanteau, poet, was Normal principal Teachers.
Leon Walras, economist born in Evreux.
Louis Marie Turreau, general of the revolution and the Empire, was born in Évreux.
Joseph Gomis, professional player of basketball, was born in Évreux.

Tourist monuments and places

In spite of the destruction of the Second world war, there remains some monuments of the Moyen-âge, in particular:

the Belfry,

the évêché, which shelters today the collections of the museum of Évreux. The archaeological room presents the discoveries of the area, of prehistory at the Gallo-Roman period. The Jupiter Stator bronze statue, coming from the site of Gisacum, constitutes one of the more beautiful pieces of the collection. Several rooms are devoted to the Middle Ages (miter of Jean de Marigny, bishop's ring of Jean of the Court of Aubergenville, statues). One can also see several Tapisserie S of Aubusson (17th century). The first stage gathers works of as well as a beautiful series of old watches. The second stage is devoted to the painting and the sculpture of the 19th century (Fleming, Boudin, Rodin, Gérôme).
the cathedral Notre-Dame, of Gothic style composite and rather late.
the Église Saint-Taurin has the mounting of Saint Taurin which is one of the chiefs of work of the medieval Orfèvrerie in France.
the theater of Evreux of pure Italian style which was built in 1903 according to the plans of the architect Leon Legendre. It holds, jointly with the theater of Louviers, the label of National scene. This theater is currently in the course of work.

Market days

Center town, Clemenceau place: Wednesday morning and Saturday morning
the Madeleine, places Kennedy: Friday afternoon and Sunday morning
Navarre, place Bertrand of Pouget: Sunday morning
Nétreville, Shopping mall of the Poplars: Wednesday afternoon
Saint-Michel, place Aime Doucerain: Tuesday morning and Friday morning.
Center town, place of the Fountains, Thursday morning

Twinnings

Blasonnement

Until worms end of the 15th century, weapons of Louis, count d' Évreux († 1319):

Of azure, sown flowers of gold lily, with the componée band of money and Mouths, stitching on the whole.

Since the 16th century, current weapons of the town of Évreux:

Of azure, with three flowers of gold lily, with the componé stick of money and mouths, stitching on the whole.

These weapons, known as of modern Évreux , with three flowers of lily instead of one sown of flowers of lily, are attested at least starting from Jean III of Navarre (Jean II of Albret) (1469-1516), count de Penthièvre and of Périgord, Viscount of Tartas and Limoges and king de Navarre (of the chief of its wife, downward of the house of Évreux), who raised them on part of his ecu.

Philately

In 1995, La Poste devoted a stamp to the Mounting of Saint-Taurin, a masterpiece of the French goldsmithery of XIIIe century. In 2008, it will emit one of them on the belfry of XVe century.

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