Etrembières is a common French, located in the department of the Haute-Savoie and the area the Rhone-Alps.

Geography

The territory of Etrembières is a strip of land, long 8 km, located at the foot of the mount Salève, on the edges of the Arve, between the communes of Annemasse, Gaillard and Bossey. Its population of 1600 inhabitants (in 2006) is divided mainly between the chief town and the locality " Not of Echelle". The Salève mount, which dominates all the territory of the commune, emerges out of escarpée cliff to the west to incline itself soft inclined towards the valley of Arve. It is composed of two parts. Large Salève (1318 Mr.) which is separated from small Salève (902 Mr.) by the collar of Monnetier.

Administration

Demography

History

Antiquity

Etrembières is known since Antiquity by the presence of the Roman way of " Genava" who, after having passed by the Terminals, crossed the Arve in Etrembières, the place where its banks are brought closer. A bridge out of wooden was without any built doubt, to replace the first means of communication between two banks, namely a vat. Although there does not exist any mention of this bridge under the ancient period, it nevertheless is quoted in 1304 in an agreement intervening between the Count of the Genevese and the lord of the Faucigny.

The Middle Ages

Of XIe in XVe century, Etrembières, and in particular its bridge, are in a strategic sector under the control of the Count de Genève, but coveted by the lords of Gex, installed with Mornex, the lords de Faucigny and the Counts de Savoie established in the Chablais. The population frequently undergoes the rides of these lords, or the their vassal ones, who fight for hegemony, seriously affecting the economic life and social of the area.

The Climbing

After the Reform calvinist in Geneva, many catholics must be exiled in the neighbouring cities and villages. Étrembières is then regarded as a village with catholic majority. It is since the castle of the Composts that Charles-Emmanuel, duke of Savoy, undertakes in 1602 a military action against Geneva, in order to compensate for the loss of its provinces following the Traité of Lyon of 1601, and consequently occasion, to try to return to the Roman Church the large city of the the Alps. Forwarding will show a military disaster which will involve the signature of the Traité of Saint-Julien in 1603. Geneva commemorates each year this victory under the name of the Climbing.

Treaties of Turin

After the treated of Turin of 1754, signed between the Republic of Geneva and the Kingdom of Sardinia, Étrembières is found under the supervision of the province of Carouge, in the county of Veyrier. Become French in 1792 following the Countryside of Italy of the General Bonaparte, it remains it to the signature of the treated of Turin of 1816 where it reinstates the kingdom of Sardinia. It should be noted that the village of Veyrier as-with is cut to him into two by the new border (Veyrier becomes Swiss), giving rise to the hamlet of the Pas Scale (today integral part of the commune of Etrembières).

French Etrembières

The March 24th, 1860 the Treaty free-Sardinian of transfer of Savoy to the France is signed. Although Etrembières was favorable to its annexation with the Suisse during the popular plebiscite - as a certain number of communes of the north of Savoy - it integrates the very new department of the Haute-Savoie. It is starting from this date that Etrembières experiences a significant development.

Etrembières in the modern era

In 1875, plans of the railway Annecy - Annemasse is approved, and the following year they are those of the railway of Collonges - Annemasse. The junction of the two layouts is carried out in Etrembières. In 1879 a communal house, with its school, is built opposite the White House. In 1891 it is the creation of the cog railway of Salève. In 1906 a school is created with the Step of the Scale and in 1922 decision is taken to electrify the village. In 1932 the cable car of Salève is inaugurated and intended to replace the cog railway which ceases functioning in 1935. In 1960 the commune decides to restore the old vault of Etrembières. The inauguration is celebrated the April 9th, 1972 whereas a new church was set up with the Step of the Scale the April 30th, 1967.

Places and monuments

The Castle of Etrembières

the castle of Etrembières was certainly built towards the end of XIIIe century or at the beginning of XIVe. In 1328 it is pledged with a former family of the Genevese, the " Compey". In 1539 it passes to the hands of Sailor of Montchenu, then with those of Prosper of Geneva Lulin in 1559. In 1589 it is plundered by the troops of Geneva - which penetrated in Savoy - then bequeathed to the hospital of Annecy in 1606. Today, it belongs to a farm. It should be noted that the XIXe century, Daniel Colladon carried out in this castle the tests of a machine compressed-air drill which, after having attacked the Salève, was used for the boring of the tunnel of the Mount-Cenis.

The Castle of the Composts, known as also Châtillon

the castle of the Composts , known as the " Châtillon" , was built between XIVe and XVe century, and was below located the castle of Etrembières. It belonged at the origin with the lords of Faucigny. In 1474 it is yielded to Pierre de Châtillon at the time of his marriage with Marguerite de Gerbais. Without descent, the fortified town of the Composts passes in 1530 between the hands of Marius d' Arenthon, lord of Alex. In 1654 (and not in 1684 as it is sometimes indicated by error in certain works), it is yielded in dowry of marriage to François-Marie of Fléchère, lord of Bellegarde, which marries Marie-Claudine d' Arenthon, niece of the prince bishop of Geneva Jean d' Arenthon d' Alex. Its last owner, Pierre-Claude of Fléchère, born in this castle in 1722, lord of Châtillon, Symond and Sierne, becomes Count of Veyrier in 1770. He consequently gives up the Composts - which fall gradually in ruins - and is made build a new residence in his new stronghold.

The Castle of Symond (Salève Wood)

Known for the XIV century, with the site even of current Salève Wood, the strong House of Symond (or Cymont in certain texts) had ordered the access to the Step of the Scale, staircases cut in the rock of Salève and giving access the village of Monnetier. In 1304 it belongs to the Villette family, vassal of the Counts de Genève, then in 1565 with the Marquis of Cluses, Martin of Fresnoy. In 1722, it is acquired by Louis de Portes who resells it, in 1743, with the " of Fléchère". With died of the last Count de Veyrier, the residence is bought by the painter François Diday who keeps it until in 1847, year when it resells it with a congregation of teaching nuns, " Faithful Partners of Jésus". These last will make of it a boarding school which will function until in 1901. Unutilised until in 1917, this vast residence is used to look after the casualties and the patients of the 1st world war under the supervision of the Red Cross. After the war, it again shelters an observation sanatorium for children of war veterans, but firm its doors in 1932. It is the " Protection mutuelle" who becomes purchaser in 1934 from there to accommodate railwaymen in convalescence, then children of the railwaymen during the second world war. At the conclusion of the war, S.N.C.F. preserves the establishment and in 1957 becomes about it officially owner. During long years, S.N.C.F. accommodates children in summer camps there, then pensioners. In 2003 the establishment closes its doors because of a lack of security standards. Today, the Wood-Salève House was rehabilitated in apartments of high standing.

The Cemetery Jew

Inaugurated in 1920, this cemetery with taken the relay of that established in common Switzerland de Carouge and which arrived at saturation. Indeed, the Genevese cantonal law of 1876 prohibiting on its territory very new establishment of private or denominational cemeteries, the Community Jew of Geneva is seen forced to seek a new ground in close France. Actually located at horse on the free-Switzerland border, its access is possible since the two countries. A singularity, single in the world, made possible by a bilateral agreement between France and the Swiss . Increased in 1930, one benefits from it to establish to with it (on the Swiss sector) an Oratory including/understanding a room of prayers and a small funerary center. This building, built by the architect Julien Flegenheimer, will receive in 1981 a monumental stained glass carried out by the artist Régine Heim, and will see its frontages ornamented by stone of Jerusalem in 1999. The cemetery, increased second once in 1985, shelters today approximately 3000 tombs, of which those of some characters known as Albert Cohen, Liebmann Hersch, Zino Davidoff, Edmond Safra, Stefan Lux, or Edouard Stern. It should be noted that although its som official is Cimetière Jew of Veyrier, 70% of its surface depend juridically on the commune of Etrembières and the French laws.

More: cemetery Jew of Veyrier

The Cable car of Salève

The Island with the Beavers

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