Ésubiens
The Ésubiens (in Latin: Esubii ) is one of the ancient people of the Alps quoted on the Trophée of the Alps. Their geographical site in the Alps authorizes their fastening with the people Ligures or Celto-Ligurian S, of which they would have shared the origin, the history and the culture.
They should not be confused with Ésuviens, quoted by Jules César, and located in Brittany or Normandy.
According to an interpretation suggested by Julien Coste (1876-1936), they lived in the Vallée of Ubaye (the Alps of the South of France). According to this author, the term “Ésubiens” gathers several tribes of the area ubayenne: the Esubiens proprements known as, inhabitants the Average and High Valley of Ubaye (of Barcelonnette to the Collar of Longet), the Ectini in the small valley of the Ubayette, the Véamini in the valley of Bachelard (common of Uvernet-Furnaces), and the Némolani in the low valley of Ubaye. Ésubiens having been most and most powerful, it gathers under this term the whole of the people celto-Ligurians of the valley of Ubaye and its dependences. At third century BC, organized politically, Esubiens confederated with twelve other tribes of the area.
Another thesis compares them to the tribe of Vésubiens, quoted on the dedication of the Arc of Auguste, with Suse. According to this interpretation, Vésubiens/Ésubiens lived in the valley of the Vésubie, affluent of the Var.
They would finally have been subjected by Auguste with the other alpine tribes, which integrated them in the Roman Province the Alps Cottiennes
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