Épernon

Épernon is a common French, located in the department of Eure-et-Loir and the area Center. Its inhabitants is called the Sparnonien () S or Épernonien () S.

Administration

|- | align=right| March 2001 ||Francoise RAMOND ||align=" center" |DVD ||

History

The son of Hugues Capet made raise the fortresses of Monfort and Épernon to protect the castle from Saint-Leger, at the ends of the forest of Yveline (today, forest of Rambouillet). The town of Épernon was formed with the feet of the castle and extended to the river from Tahu (Guesle). The city had like successive names Sparro (1024), Sparnaïcum (1095), Esparnonium (~ 1120), and Espernonne (1450).

Henri III the receipt in 1581 with his/her cousin the king de Navarre, to offer it, with erection in duchy-peerage with Jean Louis de Nogaret of Valette. The seigniory will pass then in the family of the Goth de Rouillac, then in that of the Pardaillan-dukes of Antin, finally with the Maréchal of Noailles.

The railroad (Paris-Brest line) there arrives in 1849. An Olympic swimming pool was built there in 1935.

Economy

Épernon was a very great center carrier as of the 15th century since its exploitations contributed to the construction of the aqueduct of Maintenon. The stone extracted for constructions is a particularly hard sandstone. The sandstone exploitations sommeillèrent then to the opening of the railway line, making possible the sending of stones and paving stones towards the Paris region. The work haussmanniens were very large consumers of paving stones of Épernon. One counted thus to 31 owners carriers exploiting the sandstone benches, those employing certainly more than 500 workmen. The careers of paving stone disappeared with the economic crisis from 1929, but the remainders were marketed until 1940.

Levelling grinding stone benches (comparable to a kind of Flint) were also exploited as of the 12th century in various forms. The name of this stone indicates however the use which was mainly made by it as of the 18th century: to constitute grinding stones of mill. Once again, the arrival of the railroad caused a strong demand of these grinding stones of quality whose diffusion was obstructed by the important mass. Many companies created for themselves starting from 1858 in order to extract and to market the grinding stones, of which certain exits of another important center of extraction grinding, the Ferté-sous-Jouarre, then declining. One will quote most important: Company E. Chevrier, Grinding General society, Dupetit-Orcel Company. These will be the same companies which will represent the town of Épernon to the World Fairs. The importance of the grinding activity caused the installation of a special way in station of Épernon in 1866 as well as the reorganization of a traffic in order to deliver the grinding stones until in Russia and in all Europe.

After 1930, it became difficult to find stones sufficiently important to constitute whole grinding stones, also the grinding stones made up of squares spread. A company made its appearance in 1911: Abrasienne, specialized in the artificial grinding stones. The success of these grinding stones, requiring less maintenance than the genuine stones, prolonged the grinding history of the commune. The last company to market genuine stone runners was the Grinding General society, whose discontinuance of business goes back to 1951. Abrasienne always exists, but its activity diversified and left Épernon.

Personalities

Michel Chasles (1793-1880), mathematician, born in Épernon
Jean Louis de Nogaret of Valette, Duke of Épernon (1554-1642), nice of Henri III, admiral de France

Mayors of the city

Felix Roy (1st alderman) 1783 (July 10th)
François Perrot 1790 (February 26th)
Joseph, François Nicolas Vesque 1791 (November 14th)
Etienne de Gissey 1792 (December 3rd)
Pierre François Roger 1794 (May 3rd - 14 Floréal into III)
Henry, Nicolas Ledier 1809
Jacques Marechal 1813 (July 21st)
Michel, Guillaume Oudard 1815 (August 20th)
Jacques, Martin Pichon 1816 (September 28th)
Jacques Bosselet 1819 (January 5th)
Louis, Michel Poucin 1824 (May 21st)
François Milsot 1833 (Death in 1845)
Langlois Warrior 1845
Louis Corbiere 1847 (provisional Mayor)
Louis-Joseph Niquet 1847
Jean-Marie-Desired Mallet 1861 (March 2nd)
Henri Courtyard 1895 (July 21st)
Georges Vernot 1904 (May 15th)
Alphonse Desprez 1912 (February 11th - Died in July 1918)
August Bougrat 1919 (December 10th)
Dr. Felix Bruneau 1925 (May 17th)
Dr. André Gilles 1939 (January 29th)
Maxime Louvet 1945 (May 18th)
Alfred Manceau 1947 (October 31st)
Dr. François Gilles 1959 (March 20th)
Emile Rabette 1965 (March 26th)
Emile Rabette 1971 (March 24th)
Robert Lhopiteau 1977 (March 20th)
Rene Official receptions 1983 (March 6th)
Rene Official receptions 1989
Rene Official receptions 1995
Francoise Ramond 2001

(information found on the site of the city)

Demography

See too

Common of Eure-et-Loir

External bonds

Official site of the commune
Épernon on the site of the national geographical Institute
Épernon on the site of INSEE
Épernon on the site of Quid
Localization of Épernon on a chart of France and communes bordering
Plane on Épernon on Mapquest

Random links: