Éamon de Valera

Éamon de Valera (born Edward George de Valera, in Irish Éamonn de Bhailéara) (New York October 14th 1882 - Dublin August 29th 1975) Politician Irish is a , considered as the father of the free Nation Irish. He took part in the insurrection of Easter in 1916 with Dublin. He was the third president of Ireland from June 25th, 1959 to June 24th, 1973.

Recognized for its decisive fight for the independence of the Ireland (with respect to the the United Kingdom) at the beginning of the 20th century and the leader of the republican opposition following the Irish Civil war, admired and hated in an equivalent way, of Valera is regarded as the most influential Irishman of the 20th century.

Leader of the Irish nationalists

Mathematics professor, it plays Rugby and cultivates the love of Gaelic. He was one of the leaders of the insurrection of 1916; it avoids the execution because of its American nationality but is off-set in the prisons of Dartmoor, Maidstone and Lewes.

In 1917, he is elected as one of the 73 deputies of the Sinn Féin of which much was prisoners. These deputies then form a clean Parliament in Ireland, the Dáil Éireann which elects it Prime Minister.

He succeeds in escaping from his prison of Lincoln in 1919. He tries to make recognize his legitimacy apart from the country, in vain. The Dáil Éireann is declared illegal by the British government in September 1919, which starts the Guerre of Irish independence. In August 1921, it makes change the Irish Constitution to be made appoint president of the Irish Republic.

Opposing to the treaty of partition

The war ends in the signature and the ratification of the Anglo-Irish Traité by the Parliament and referendum. It devotes the partition of Ireland.

De Valera breaks then with his/her former companions of fight Michael Collins and Arthur Griffith which negotiated this treaty and forms the free State of Ireland and declares that it is “ready to go in their blood”.

The Irish Civil war starts with skirmishes with Dublin. The government of the free State is then summoned by Churchill to react under penalty of a British invasion. The war is gained by the pro-treaties, equipped by the British, and De Valera must turn over in prison in 1923. It remains there until 1924. In 1926, it founds the Fianna Fáil.

Chief of the government then Head of State

In March 1932, it east names chief of the government (Taoiseach) and remains with the head of six governments until February 1948. In 1937, it submits the constitution project republican. In 1938, he is elected with the presidency of the General meeting of the Company of the Nations. He manages to keep Ireland away of the Second world war.

He again directs the government of June 1951 in June 1954. In March 1957, it leads its party to the victory what enables him to return to the capacity. In 1959, he is elected President d' Irlande against the general Sean McEoin, candidate of Gael Fine. In 1966, the candidate of Gael Fine is Tom O' Higgins. De Valera withdrew in June 1973.

Valera was an enthusiastic catholic and had been rewarded for its services rendered to the Church while being named member for the Ordre for Christ by Jean XXIII.

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