Æ
See also: AE
“Æ” , tiny “æ” (binding called in French “ E in has ”, “ has, E in has ”, or undoubtedly better: “ has E dependant ” or “ has E dependant ”), is a Voyelle and a Graphème used in the Icelandic alphabet, the Danish alphabet, the Faroese alphabet, the Norwegian alphabet and the Latin alphabet.
“Æ” was also used in Vieil English and in the medieval Latin . The modern English still uses æ to write certain names, such as Encyclopædia (Encyclopédie), but since the arrival of the typewriters and computers, its use tends to disappear. This letter was in the beginning a Ligature of the two letters has and E .
In Icelandic, the letter Æ form a marked diphthong. It is the same into Faroese for the letter called long Æ marked, and the short version Æ simply marked. In Danish and Norwegian, Æ represents a simple vowel, respectively marked and. The same phoneme is represented in the Swedish Alphabet and German by the letter Ä .
As old English, the binding æ was used to express a sound between has and E (i.e.), very near to “has” French (or in English cat ). In this context, the name of the letter, Æsc ( Ash in English modern, which means ash ) drawn from the corresponding Rune ᚫ is resulting from Anglo-Saxon Futhorc, him even derived from the rune As of Futhark (Fuþark).
In traditional Latin, the combination describes the diphthong. It was used at the same time in the Latin words (written with “AI” before IIe century before JC) and in the words borrowed from the Greek, in whom one found diphthong “AI” (“ΑΙ”). In traditional Latin as in modern Latin, one should write the two letters separately, but the binding was used since the Middle Ages until the last Latin writings because the Diphtongue was monophtonguée in a long vowel, as of the first Latin literary texts. The old diphthong Æ was often noted by means of a '' E '' '' caudata '' as of the texts in Onciale: ę . This diacritic disappeared thereafter and the vowel was noted by simple a E .
The symbol IPA is also used in International Phonetic Alphabet to describe the sound of the vowel as former English, pronounced as in the English word cat (between E and has ).
In French, this Graphème decides (E) and finds, inter alia examples, in words and phrases borrowed from Latin, like Cæcum , Nævus , Præsidium (form used jointly with Présidium ), Tænia (form used jointly with Ténia ), ex æquo and Curriculum vitæ ; derived: Appendix iléo-cæcal ( Cæcum ) and Tæniase ( Tænia ). One finds also this graphème in Proper names transcribed of the Greek, like Ægosthènes, Ægos Potamos or Œniadæ like in the first name Lætitia , where this graphème is immortalisé by the song of Serge Gainsbourg Elaeudanla Téïtéïa (L, has, E in has, T, I, T, I, a).
See too
- :Category: Cacography (E in a) : list clerical errors caused in French by the use of the “E in has” in this language.