The Âhom or Tai Âhoms are a group of people of language thaïe which emigrated of the Yunnan towards the beginning of the Christian era and whose sub-group settled in the area of Assam at the 13th century. They are at the origin of a dynasty of râjas which reigned on part of what is the actual position of the Assam of XIIIe century to 1822.

Coming from Burma, Sukaphâ or Chao Ka Phâ (? - 1268), a prince shan, subjects Morans and Borahis, two Mongolian tribes installed there, in 1215, is fixed in Assam and founds the dynasty of Âhom and the kingdom of Kâmarûpa of Chareido capital and which includes/understands Assam and the Arâkan. Âhoms which controls the Riz iculture extend their territory by vassalizing small kingdoms like that of Chutiya to the North-East, Kacharis in south-west or the chiefs of Bhuyan tribes in the west and the North-West. Âhom, first of all Animist S, Hindou are isent as of the 15th century, but the kingdom becomes officially hindouist only in 1714, year when it give up their traditional dwellings on Piloti S and the burial of their deaths.

The Moghols in vain try to control the country. Only Mîr Jumla, the governor of the Bengal of Aurangzeb, gains a significant success and briefly occupies Gargaon which is then the capital of Âhom (1662 - 1663). Their last attempt, in 1671, with an army ordered by râja RAM Singh of Amber, general of the armies mogholes, is a failure and they are demolished, with the Bataille of Saraighat, by the general Lachit Borphukan in the area of current the Guwahati. The dynasty reaches its apogee under the reigns of Gadadhâr Singh (1681-1996) and its successor Rudra Singh (1699-1714). At the beginning of the 17th century, the râja Bali Narayan of the Darrang require the assistance of Âhom against the invader moghol, and after its defeat and its death, those seize its kingdom. Then their capacity between declining at the 18th century, as well under the effect of interior disorders as under the pressure of invaders at the borders, Darang finds its independence then. At the beginning of the 19th century, following permanent interior disorders, the Burmese army, called in 1810 by a faction, occupies the kingdom by making watch of a great cruelty. Chandrakânta Singh (Chao DIN Phâ), the sovereign last but one must give up, a time, its throne with the usurper Purandâr Singh, and must take refuge in Burma while the Burmeses plunder his kingdom. In 1826, the English Compagnie of the Eastern Indies seize the kingdom by the treaty of Yandabô.

Âhom showed a remarkable and rare historical direction in India and enriched regularly their annals, the Bûranjî , put in writing at the beginning of the XVIIe century, first of all in their original language Thai, then assamais some. These last content in particular their fights against the people Bodo and Kachar which they definitively demolished in XVIe century. The râjas did not belong to only one line, but was selected in a downward small group of families of the founder of the dynasty. This situation will end however up generating the disorders which will lead to the disappearance of the dynasty.

The râja âhom

• 1228 -1268 : Sukaphâ
• 1268 -1281 : Sutephâ (wire of Sukaphâ)
• 1281 -1293: Subinphâ (wire of Sutephâ)
• 1293 -1332: Sukhângphâ (wire of Subinphâ)
• 1364 -1369: interregnum
• 1369 -1376: Sutuphâ (wire of Sukhângphâ)
• 1376 -1380: interregnum
• 1380 -1389: Tyao Khâmti (wire of Sukhângphâ)
• 1389 -1397: interregnum
• 1397 -1407: Sudangphâ (Bâmuni Kunwar - wire of Tyao Khâmti, high in a family of Brahmans)
• 1407 -1422: Sujangphâ
• 1422 -1439 : Suphakphâ
• 1439 -1488 : Susenphâ (wire of Suphakphâ)
• 1488 -1493: Suhenphâ (wire of Susenphâ)
• 1493 -1497: Supimphâ (wire of Suhenphâ)
• 1497 -1539: Suhunmunga (Swarganarayan, Dihingiâ Rojâ I, wire of Supimphâ)
• 1539 -1552: Suklenmunga (Gorgoyân Rojâ, wire of Suhungmunga)
• 1552 -1603: Sukhâmphâ (Khurâ Rojâ, wire of Suklengmunga)
• 1603 -1641: Susenghphâ (Pratâp Singh, Burhâ Rojâ, Buddhiswarganarayan, wire of Sukhâmphâ)
• 1641 -1644: Suramphâ (Jayaditya Singh, Bhogâ Rojâ, wire of Susenghphâ)
• 1644 -1648: Sutingphâ (Noriyâ Rojâ, wire of Suramphâ)
• 1648 -1663: Jayadwaj Singh (Bhoganiyâ Rojâ, wire of Sutingphâ)
• 1663 -1670: Supangmunga (Chakradwaj Singh)
• 1670 -1672: Sunyatphâ (Udayâditya Singh, brother of Supangmunga)
• 1672 -1674: Suklanphâ (Ramdwaj Singh, Charingia Rojâ, brother of Supangmunga)
• 1674 -1675: Suhunga (Samaguria Rojâ, Khamjangia Rojâ, descendant of Suhungmunga, connects Samaguria of the royal family)
• 1675 -1675: Gobar Rojâ (great-grandson of Suhungmunga)
• 1675 -1677: Sujinphâ (Arjun Konwar, Dihingia Rojâ II, grandson of Pratap Singh, wire of Namrupian Gohain)
• 1677 -1679: Sudoiphâ (Parvatia Rojâ, descending off Deka Rojâ?)
• 1679 -1681 : Sulikphâ (Ratnadhwaj Singh, Lorâ Rojâ, member of the Samaguria branch of the royal family)
• 1681 -1696: Supâtphâ (Gadadhâr Singh, wire of Gobar Rojâ)
• 1696 -1714: Sukhrungphâ (Rudra Singh, wire of Supâtphâ)
• 1714 -1744: Sutanphâ (Siba Singh, wire of Sukhrungphâ)
• 1744 -1751: Sunenphâ (Pramatta Singh, wire of Sukhrungphâ)
• 1751 -1769: Suramphâ (Râjeswar Singh, wire of Sukhrungphâ)
• 1769 -1780: Sunyeophâ (Lakshmi Singh, wire of Sukhrungphâ)
• 1780 -1795: Suhitpangphâ (Gaurinâth Singh, wire of Sunyeophâ)
• 1795 -1811: Suklingphâ (Kamaleswar Singh, great grandfils of Supâtphâ)
• 1811 -1818: Sudingphâ (Chandrakânta Singh, brother of Suklingphâ) 1st reign
• 1818 -1819: Purandâr Singh
• 1819 -1821 : Chandrakânta Singh - 2nd reign
• 1821 - 1824: Jogeshwar Singh (brother of Hemo Aideo, puppet of the Burmese capacity)

See too

Related articles

• Alphabet âhom
• Assam

External bonds

• http://www.assam.org/newsletter/march04.txt